Low back pain is very common. The sacroiliac joint is a major source of low back pain. Pain originating from the SI joint is usually unappreciated, underdiagnosed, misunderstood, and usually attributed to other sources such as the hip and spine. Patients experiencing low back pain can spend months or even years in treatment without the correct diagnosis. Diagnostic injection of the sacroiliac joint is the only means to confirm diagnosis. Pain from the hips, spine, and SI joint can overlap and be associated. Patients can experience injuries associated with the spine and SI joint or the hip and SI joint. If the patient has a back sprain and it doesn't improve for several months, it is important to look at the SI joint. The SI joints are weight-bearing joints. These joints distribute weight from the spine to the lower extremities through the hip joints. From the front, the sacroiliac joint is supported by the anterior sacroiliac ligaments. There are also strong muscles in the front of the sacroiliac joint. Important nerves of the thigh and leg pass in front of the SI joints. From the back, the SI joint has strong posterior ligaments. The sciatic nerve crosses underneath the piriformis muscle. All of this is covered by strong back muscles. Symptoms of sacroiliac joint dysfunction include lower back, buttock, back of the thigh, and knee pain. Occasional groin pain, difficulty and discomfort while sitting, and the patient frequently changes position to become comfortable. All clinical examination tests used to determine the presence of SI joint pain are not specific. The finger test is helpful in determining SI joint pain. Patients usually point with one finger to one side toward the painful sacroiliac joint. If the patient points to the exact area of pain each time, the pain is likely coming...
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