Now we're going to talk about powers and indices. You might have heard of them before; they are the little numbers that you sometimes see next to normal numbers. For example, if we have a normal sized 5 and I put a little 2 on it, you might know that it means 5 squared. This means that we are going to take 5 and multiply it by itself 5 times (5 x 5 = 25), so 5 squared is 25. Now let's say we had 5 with a 3 on it. That means 5 cubed, which is 5 times 5 times 5. If we work that out (5 x 5 = 25), then multiply that answer by 5 (25 x 5 = 125), we get 125. The little number on top, the 3 here, is called the index. If there's only one, you call it the index, but if there is more than one, they are called indices. When a number is written with an index, it is said to be in index form. Let's have a look at another example: 2 to the power of 4. Unlike 2 squared or 2 cubed, 2 to the power of 4 doesn't have a special name. We simply say 2 to the power of 4, which means 2 multiplied by itself 4 times (2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 16). Now, let's say someone gave us a sum: five times five times five times five. If we had to write that in index form, it would be 5 to the power of 4 (because there are four of them). So, if there's an index, it means it's in index form. You can also use indices with letters. For example, if we have an x multiplied by another x multiplied by another x, in index...